Everything about The Cloisters totally explained
The Cloisters is the branch of the
Metropolitan Museum of Art dedicated to the art and architecture of the European
Middle Ages. The Cloisters is located in New York City, specifically
Fort Tryon Park near the northern tip of
Manhattan island on a hill overlooking the
Hudson River. The Cloisters include the museum building and the adjacent 4 acres (16,000 m²).
Collection
The Cloisters collection contains approximately five thousand European
medieval works of art, with a particular emphasis on pieces dating from the twelfth through the fifteenth centuries.
Among the famous works of art held at the Cloisters are seven south Netherlandish tapestries depicting
The Hunt of the Unicorn, Robert Campin's
Mérode Altarpiece, and the
Romanesque altar cross known as the
Cloisters Cross or
Bury St. Edmunds Cross, which was acquired under the curatorship of
Thomas Hoving. The Cloisters also holds many medieval manuscripts and
illuminated books, including the
Limbourg brothers'
Les Belles Heures du Duc de Berry and
Jean Pucelle's book of hours for
Jeanne d'Evreux.
The building housing the collection is itself a work of
medieval art. It is a composite structure, incorporating elements from five medieval French
cloisters:
Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa,
Saint-Guilhem-le-Désert,
Bonnefont-en-Comminges,
Trie-en-Bigorre, and
Froville. These disassembled European buildings were reassembled in
Fort Tryon Park (1934/38) in a setting with gardens planted according to horticultural information culled from various medieval documents and artifacts. Notable works of architecture include the Cuxa cloister, with an adjacent Chapter House; and the Fuentidueña Apse from a chapel in the province of Segovia (Castilla y León, Spain).
History
The museum and adjacent park were created thanks to an endowment grant by
John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who donated the majority of his collection; it was completed in 1938. Much of the art collection came from that of
George Grey Barnard, an American sculptor and assiduous collector of medieval art, who had already established a medieval-art museum near his home in the Fort Washington neighborhood. Rockefeller purchased Barnard's entire collection of art and architectural remnants as a gift to the Met; this collection, combined with a number of pieces from Rockefeller's own collection (including the Unicorn tapestries), became the core of the new Cloisters' holdings. Rockefeller subsequently purchased more than 65 acres of land north of Barnard's museum with the intention of converting it into a public park and site for the new museum. Besides purchasing this land and donating it to the city, Rockefeller also purchased and donated to the State of
New Jersey several hundred acres of the
New Jersey Palisades on the other side of the Hudson River in order to preserve the view for the museum.
Further Information
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